The use of biomarkers at the end of the second trimester to predict Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Previous studies that investigated the relationship between biomarkers and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) generally focused on individual biomarkers with significant heterogeneity in terms of the screening methodologies, diagnostic criteria for GDM and sample handling of glucose within these studies.

This prospective study used an established panel of ten biomarkers to determine if they could predict the diagnosis of GDM.Women with risk factors for GDM were recruited at their first antenatal visit. They attended for an oral glucose tolerance test at 26-28 weeks’ gestation with strict preanalytical handling of glucose samples to minimise glycolysis.

A fasting plasma sample taken simultaneously was stored at -80 °C and analysed in bulk for 10 biomarkers (insulin, c-peptide, glucagon, ghrelin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), leptin, visfatin, resistin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)) using the Bio-plex-pro Human Diabetes Assay.Insulin and C-peptide levels in the third tertile were associated with the development of GDM (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.6, 95 % CI 1.3-5.0, p = 0.005 and aOR 3.7, 95 % CI 1.8-7.4, p < 0.001 respectively, adjusted for maternal obesity).

Elevated levels of ghrelin were associated with a lower odds of developing GDM, after adjustment for maternal obesity.

MurA-IN-2
T60299-1mg 1mg Ask for price
Description: MurA-IN-2

MurA-IN-2
T60299-50mg 50mg Ask for price
Description: MurA-IN-2

MurA-IN-2
T60299-5mg 5mg Ask for price
Description: MurA-IN-2

Recombinant murine Interleukin-2 (rm IL-2 )
72102 20ul
EUR 235
Description: Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50 as determined by a cell proliferation assay using murine CTLL-2 cells is less than 0.2 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of > 5.0 × 106 IU/mg.

Recombinant murine Interleukin-2 (rm IL-2)
MBS9419941-002mL 0.02mL
EUR 280

Recombinant murine Interleukin-2 (rm IL-2)
MBS9419941-5x002mL 5x0.02mL
EUR 1120

BD-2, murine (mouse)
RC240-13 5ug
EUR 125.26

IL-2, murine recombinant
4132-100 each
EUR 1038

IL-2, murine recombinant
4132-1000 each
EUR 5077.2

IL-2, murine recombinant
4132-20 each
EUR 352.8

Recombinant Murine IL-2
MEILP-0201 5ug Ask for price

Recombinant Murine BD-2
MEOPP-0202 5ug Ask for price

murine IP10 2 X 96
M660120192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

MCP-2, murine recombinant
4226-10 each
EUR 411.6

MCP-2, murine recombinant
4226-1000 each
EUR 6030

murine CD40L 2 x 96
M660070192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

IL-2 (Murine) ELISA Kit
EKA51900-5x96T 5x96T Ask for price

IL-2 (Murine) ELISA Kit
EKA51900-96T 96T
EUR 446.9

murine Eotaxin 2 X 96
M660060192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

Murine IL-2 ELISA Kit
MBS335495-10x96WellsPrecoatedplate 10x96Wells(Pre-coated-plate)
EUR 2465

Murine IL-2 ELISA Kit
MBS335495-1x96WellsPrecoatedplate 1x96Wells(Pre-coated-plate)
EUR 375

Murine IL-2 ELISA Kit
MBS335495-2x96WellsPrecoatedplate 2x96Wells(Pre-coated-plate)
EUR 485

Murine IL-2 ELISA Set
MBS335530-10x96Wells 10x96Wells
EUR 535

Murine IL-2 ELISA Set
MBS335530-15x96Wells 15x96Wells
EUR 630

Murine IL-2 ELISA Set
MBS335530-20x96Wells 20x96Wells
EUR 745

Murine IL-2 ELISA Set
MBS335530-5x96Wells 5x96Wells
EUR 420

MIP-2 (Murine) ELISA Kit
EKA51913-5x96T 5x96T Ask for price

MIP-2 (Murine) ELISA Kit
EKA51913-96T 96T
EUR 446.9

MURINE IL-2 ELISPOT KIT
MPC2001001 1 unit
EUR 292.15

MURINE IL-2 ELISPOT KIT
MPC2001005 1 unit
EUR 1168.49

MCP-2, CCL8, murine (mouse)
RC335-19 5ug
EUR 125.26

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Kit
MBS335551-1x96WellsPrecoatedplate 1x96Wells(Pre-coated-plate)
EUR 325

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Kit
MBS335551-2x96WellsPrecoatedplate 2x96Wells(Pre-coated-plate)
EUR 560

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Kit
MBS335551-5x96WellsPrecoatedplate 5x96Wells(Pre-coated-plate)
EUR 1085

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Set
MBS335557-10x96WellsPlatenotincluded 10x96Wells(Plate-not-included)
EUR 1045

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Set
MBS335557-5x96WellsPlatenotincluded 5x96Wells(Plate-not-included)
EUR 725

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Set
MBS335561-15x96WellsSterileplate 15x96Wells(Sterile-plate)
EUR 1970

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Set
MBS335561-1x96WellsSterileplate 1x96Wells(Sterile-plate)
EUR 290

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Set
MBS335561-20x96WellsSterileplate 20x96Wells(Sterile-plate)
EUR 2410

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Set
MBS335561-5x96WellsSterileplate 5x96Wells(Sterile-plate)
EUR 960

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Set
MBS335575-1x96WellsNonsterileplate 1x96Wells(Non-sterile-plate)
EUR 280

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Set
MBS335575-20x96WellsNonsterileplate 20x96Wells(Non-sterile-plate)
EUR 2095

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Set
MBS335575-5x96WellsNonsterileplate 5x96Wells(Non-sterile-plate)
EUR 880

MIP-2, CXCL2, murine (mouse)
RC332-13 5ug
EUR 125.26

Murine IL-2 ELISpot Pair
MBS335783-10x96Wells 10x96Wells
EUR 930

murine IL-2 1 x 96
M860000096 1 unit
EUR 411.32

murine IL-6 2 x 96
M860020192 1 unit
EUR 564.49

murine IL-2 5 x 96
M861000005 1 unit
EUR 411.21

murine IL-2 10 x 96
M861000010 1 unit
EUR 564.49

murine IL-2 15 x 96
M861000015 1 unit
EUR 658.52

murine IL-2 20 x 96
M861000020 1 unit
EUR 804.84

murine IL-2 10 x 96
M870010010 1 unit
EUR 1021.6

murine IL-4 2 X 96
M660020192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

murine IL-5 2 X 96
M660030192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

murine IL-10 2 x 96
M860030192 1 unit
EUR 564.49

murine TNF-a 2 x 96
M860040192 1 unit
EUR 564.49

murine IFN-g 2 x 96
M860050192 1 unit
EUR 564.49

murine IL-1a 2 X 96
M660010192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

murine IL-12 2 X 96
M660040192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

murine IL-13 2 X 96
M660080192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

murine IL-15 2 X 96
M660090192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

murine IL-22 2 X 96
M660110192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

murine MCP-1 2 X 96
M660130192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

Recombinant Murine Interleukin-2
CC081-005 5ug
EUR 351.6

Recombinant Murine Interleukin-2
CC081-020 20ug
EUR 489.6

Recombinant Murine Interleukin-2
CC081-101 1mg
EUR 7350

Recombinant Muramidase-2, partial
MBS1034079-INQUIRE INQUIRE Ask for price

Murashige and Skoog, 1/2 Micronutrients and 1/2 Iron
CP024-010 10X1L
EUR 118.8

Murashige and Skoog, 1/2 Micronutrients and 1/2 Iron
CP024-500 50L
EUR 151.2

murine GM-CSF 2 x 96
M860060192 1 unit
EUR 791.27

murine IL-17A 2 x 96
M860070192 1 unit
EUR 564.49

murine TGF-b1 2 X 96
M660050192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

murine IL-17F 2 X 96
M660100192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

murine VEGF-A 2 X 96
M660140192 1 unit
EUR 1489.67

Exodus-2, CCL21, murine (mouse)
RC335-32 5ug
EUR 125.26

MDM2 (Murine Double Minute-2)
MBS6487511-01mL 0.1mL
EUR 660

MDM2 (Murine Double Minute-2)
MBS6487511-5x01mL 5x0.1mL
EUR 2825

Eotaxin-2, CCL24, murine (mouse)
RC335-35 5ug
EUR 125.26

Recombinant Murine MCP-2 (CCL8)
MECCP-0801 5ug Ask for price

Muramyl Di peptide, MDP, 2 mg
9065 2 mg
EUR 91
Description: Muramyl Di peptide

Recombinant Murine IL-2 Protein
PROTP04351-2 20ug
EUR 380.4
Description: IL-2 is a powerful immunoregulatory lymphokine produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. IL-2/IL-2R signaling is required for T-cell proliferation and other fundamental functions which are essential for the immune response. IL-2 stimulates growth and differentiation of B-cells, NK cells, lymphokine activated killer cells, monocytes, macrophages and oligodendrocytes. Recombinant murine IL-2 is a 17.2 kDa protein, containing 149 amino acid residues.

Recombinant Murine Exodus-2/CCL21
AP60357 100ug
EUR 896

Recombinant Murine Exodus-2/CCL21
MECCP-2101 5ug Ask for price

Recombinant Murine Exodus-2/CCL21
P1507-.005 5ug
EUR 108.8
Description: Peptides & Proteins|Recombinant Proteins

Recombinant Murine Exodus-2/CCL21
P1507-.1 100ug
EUR 900
Description: Peptides & Proteins|Recombinant Proteins

Recombinant Murine Exodus-2/CCL21
P1507-.5 500ug
EUR 2021.6
Description: Peptides & Proteins|Recombinant Proteins

IL-2 (Murine) LumiAb ELISA Kit
MBS9510838-10x96StripWells 10x96-Strip-Wells
EUR 4355

IL-2 (Murine) LumiAb ELISA Kit
MBS9510838-5x96StripWells 5x96-Strip-Wells
EUR 2225

IL-2 (Murine) LumiAb ELISA Kit
MBS9510838-96StripWells 96-Strip-Wells
EUR 500

Periostin/OSF-2, murine recombinant
4205-10 each
EUR 510

Recombinant Murine Eotaxin-2/CCL24
AP60359 100ug
EUR 896

Eotaxin-2/CCL24, murine recombinant
7137-10 each
EUR 248.4

Eotaxin-2/CCL24, murine recombinant
7137-50 each
EUR 810

Recombinant Murine Eotaxin-2 (CCL24)
MECCP-2401 5ug Ask for price

Recombinant Murine Eotaxin-2/CCL24
P1509-.005 5ug
EUR 108.8
Description: Peptides & Proteins|Recombinant Proteins

Recombinant Murine Eotaxin-2/CCL24
P1509-.1 100ug
EUR 900
Description: Peptides & Proteins|Recombinant Proteins

Recombinant Murine Eotaxin-2/CCL24
P1509-.5 500ug
EUR 2021.6
Description: Peptides & Proteins|Recombinant Proteins

MIP-2 (Murine) LumiAb ELISA Kit
MBS9510851-1x96Wells 1x96Wells
EUR 520

MIP-2 (Murine) LumiAb ELISA Kit
MBS9510851-5x96Wells 5x96Wells
EUR 2395

Recombinant Murine Beta-defensin 2
AP60214 100ug
EUR 896

Recombinant Murine Beta-defensin 2
P1364-.005 5ug
EUR 108.8
Description: Peptides & Proteins|Recombinant Proteins

Recombinant Murine Beta-defensin 2
P1364-.1 100ug
EUR 900
Description: Peptides & Proteins|Recombinant Proteins

Recombinant Murine Beta-defensin 2
P1364-.5 500ug
EUR 2021.6
Description: Peptides & Proteins|Recombinant Proteins

MDM2 (Murine Double Minute-2) (AP)
MBS6487447-01mL 0.1mL
EUR 905

MDM2 (Murine Double Minute-2) (AP)
MBS6487447-5x01mL 5x0.1mL
EUR 3915

MDM2 (Murine Double Minute-2) (PE)
MBS6487457-01mL 0.1mL
EUR 905

MDM2 (Murine Double Minute-2) (PE)
MBS6487457-5x01mL 5x0.1mL
EUR 3915

MDM2 (Murine Double Minute-2) (AP)
MBS6487502-01mL 0.1mL
EUR 660

MDM2 (Murine Double Minute-2) (AP)
MBS6487502-5x01mL 5x0.1mL
EUR 2825

MDM2 (Murine Double Minute-2) (PE)
MBS6487512-01mL 0.1mL
EUR 660

However, approximately half of the women with GDM who were in the obesity category did not have insulin or c-peptide levels in the third tertile.While three of the ten biomarkers were statistically associated with an increased risk of GDM, the large overlap in values between those with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance meant that the biomarkers (alone or in combination) were not useful clinically.